Gallstones Surgery in
Chandigarh

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Gallstones: What Is It?

The gallbladder is an organ situated below the liver. It stores bile, the food-digesting liquid secreted by the liver. This liquid is flown through the bile duct into the small intestine to digest the food and fats. In some patients, small crystal-like objects are formed in the gallbladder. These are called gallstones. The gallstone can range in size from the size of a grain to that of a golf ball. Although some people may only have one gallstone, others may have several. When gallstones block the bile duct, it prevents the flow of bile. This blockage can cause discomfort and severe gallstone pain. Gallstone surgery is used to treat gallstones.

Gallstones : Causes

The gallbladder stores the bile secreted by the liver. These liquids aid in the breakdown of fats and food. Normally, the bile duct allows the bile juice to enter the small intestine, where it digests the meal. Sometimes, the bile duct is blocked by a gallstone, preventing bile flow into the colon. Having high cholesterol or bilirubin in the stored bile in the gallbladder often leads to the formation of gallstones.

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Symptoms of Gallstones

Gallstones may not cause any signs or symptoms. When a gallstone blocks the bile duct, it can result in the following signs: - Sudden and severe pain in the upper right side of the abdomen - Sudden and severe pain in the center of the abdomen, just below the breastbone - Pain in the back between the shoulder blades - Pain in the right shoulder - Nausea or vomiting The pain due to gallstones may last several minutes to a few hours.

How to Diagnose Gallstones?

The diagnosis of gallstones is made with the help of specific tests and procedures. The two most common tests include: Abdominal ultrasound: The most common test for identifying gallstones is the abdominal ultrasound. The stomach region is probed with a transducer that is moved back and forth. Images of gallstones are produced from the signals received by a computer. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): An endoscope, a small, flexible tube, enters the digestive tract through the mouth. A transducer present in the tube produces sound waves. These are converted into images. Blood tests: Apart from imaging, blood tests can help detect complications of gallstones, including infection, gallstone pancreatitis, jaundice, etc. There are a few other tests by which gallstones are detected, such as using imaging tests: - Oral Cholecystography, - Computerised Tomography (CT), - Hepatobiliary Iminodiacetic Acid (HIDA) scan and - Magnetic Resonance Cholangio Pancreatography (MRCP). - Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography (ERCP)

What Is the Treatment for Gallstones?

Gallbladder removal or cholecystectomy: Your doctor may recommend cholecystectomy as the gallstones keep recurring. Removal of the gallbladder does not affect survival. One can live without a gallbladder. The liver secretes the bile directly into the small intestine instead of storing it in the gallbladder. Medications to dissolve the gallstone: Certain medications dissolve the gallstones. However, the dissolution may take months or years. The gallstone may recur after the treatment is stopped.

When Will The Doctor Suggest Surgery?

Your doctor may recommend gallstone or gallbladder surgery when the gallbladder is severely swollen or infected. Two types of surgeries are commonly performed i.e., a laparoscopic surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy) or an open surgery (open cholecystectomy).